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Feminist / Queer Organizations

女權/酷兒組織 

3.2 Feminist / Queer Organizations: Welcome

The term rights (quan) appears in the mission and purpose of many feminist and LGBT organizations, but its usages differ among organizations and contexts. For LGBT organizations, the most common usage of rights (quan) is quanyi or equal rights (pingdeng quanyi), as can also be seen in the missions of LGBT organizations such as Common Language, Les+, and the Beijing LGBT Center. The term quan appears in their mission statements to eliminate public discrimination against the LGBT community, create a pluralistic and equal social environment, and fight for equal rights for the LGBT community. The use of equal rights (pingdeng quanyi) emphasizes the legitimacy and necessity of a healthy, autonomous and dignified life for the LGBT community.

The term rights (quanli) appears frequently in news reports and commentaries on women’s issues, such as the weekly e-newsletter Women’s Voices, which aims to promote “women’s right to communicate” (see 3.1 Rights (quan) in Women’s Voices). It is also widely used by the new form of feminist activism, “the School of Feminist Action”, in various aspects of women’s rights. LGBT organizations also often use the term rights (quanli) in their mission and purpose, as in the case of Parents, Families, and Friends of Lesbians and Gays of China (PFLAG China), whose purpose includes giving gay people “the dignity and equal rights they deserve” and whose mission includes “fighting for individual rights”. Pink Space Sexuality Research Center also aims to fight for the sexual rights of the sexually oppressed. This use of the term not only emphasizes the legitimacy of this right but also draws attention to a previously neglected category of rights and promotes a follow-up on related safeguards.

The term rights (quan) is also used in many feminist activities, including the China Women’s Film Festival, to summarize their efforts to improve the status and well-being of women in society. When focusing on specific issues, the word rights (quan) is linked to corresponding concepts to form phrases, such as the Chinese women’s liberation movement and sexual rights (xingquan) explored in Queer Lala Times, the Rainbow Law Hotline’s custody rights (fuyang quan) related legal advice, the reproductive rights (shengyu quan) for LGBT parents discussed at the LGBT forum held at the ShanghaiPRIDE in 2016, and the Beijing LGBT Center’s campaign to advocate for same-sex marriage rights (tongxing hunyin quan). What’s more, the discourse on rights (quan) is not only limited to women or the LGBT community; it also includes marginalized or stigmatized sex workers. The diversity of specific issues and groups included in the discourse illustrates the lack of protection on the one hand, and the depth and expansion of the discourse on rights (quan) on the other, which is generally conducive to creating a pluralistic and egalitarian social environment for women and LGBT people.

For more details, please see Queer and Media.

許多女權組織與LGBT組織的使命和宗旨中都會出現「權」字,但不同組織和語境下的使用卻有所區別。對於LGBT組織來說,最常見的使用是「權益」或「平等權益」。例如,同語、Les+及北京同志中心這三個組織的宗旨中都出現了通過消除公眾對LGBT群體的歧視、營造多元平等的社會環境、為LGBT群體爭取平等權益的相關表達。它們通過使用「平等權益」強調LGBT群體擁有健康、自主及有尊嚴的生活的正當性和必要性。

「權利」一詞經常在婦女問題相關的新聞報道和評論中出現,如旨在促進「婦女的傳播權利」的《女聲》電子周刊(詳見3.1 《女聲》中的「權」),也被「女權行動派」在婦女權利相關的各個方面廣泛使用。LGBT組織也常在宗旨與使命中使用「權利」一詞。例如,同性戀親友會的宗旨中包含讓同性戀人群「獲得應有的尊嚴和平等權利」,使命中包含「爭取個人權利」;北京粉色空間文化發展中心旨在為性受壓迫者爭取性權利。這樣的使用既是在強調女性以及性少數群體擁有此項權利的正當性,也是使此前被忽略的權利類別得到關注和重視,推動相關保障措施的跟進。

「權」單字的使用也很常見。眾多女權活動和行動中,包括中國女性影展,都使用了「權」字,以概括為提高女性的社會地位與福祉所做出的努力。在關注具體議題時,「權」字會與相應的概念相連接組成詞組,如《酷拉時報》探討的中國女性解放運動和「性權」、與彩虹法律熱線所提供之「撫養權」相關的法律咨詢、在上海驕傲節2016年舉辦的LGBT論壇上討論的「LGBT父母生育權」、及北京同志中心發動的倡導「同性婚姻權」運動等。此外,「權」相關話語並不局限在女性或LGBT群體論述中。世界華人性學家協會倡導的「權」除了包括女性與LGBT群體,還包括邊緣化或被污名化的性工作者。多樣的具體議題與人群的囊括一方面說明了相關保障的缺乏,另一方面也體現了「權」相關話語的深入和展開整體上有利於為女性和LGBT群體營造多元平等的社會環境。

更多資料請見「酷兒與媒體」

3.2 Feminist / Queer Organizations: Text
3.2 Feminist / Queer Organizations: Text
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